The 27th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 2022 decided to establish new funding arrangements for assisting developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate-related loss and damage. However, the decision did not specify which countries are “particularly vulnerable”. This talk will revisit the difficulty in identifying countries in this way, how vulnerability has factored into past allocation decisions, and why the use of quantitative indicators should be approached with caution.